Means for injecting water into the cylinders of internal-combustion engines.



W. SAMUEL & W A. JONES. v MEANS FOR INJECTING WATER INTO THE CYLINDERS 0F INTERNAL'COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 21. 11917;

, 1,262,265. I Patented Apr. 9, 1918.

' or means for this To all whom it concern: c Be it known that we,

STATES PATENT OFFICE."

WILLIAM SAMUEL, OF SWANSEA VALLEY, AN D WILLIAM AUBREY JONES, OF SWANSEA,

mums FOB mmcrme'wa einr o' THE CYLINDERS ENGINES.

WILLIAM SAMUEL, England, residing I Cwmllynfell, Swansea Vallay, South Wales, colliery manager, and

ILLIAM AUBREY Jonas, 3. subject of the a subject of the King of at Fronwerdd,

-King of England, residing at 75 Rhyddings Park road, Swansea, South Wales, merchant,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements' in Means for Injecting Water vinto the Cylinders of Internal-Combustion -Engines,

of which the following is va specification.

This invention relates to the method of enhancing the efliciency of internal combustion engines by the injection into the working cylinder (or cylinders) thereof of a small charge-or quantity of'water immediately after the fuel explosion takes place,

and has for its object to'provide apparatus simple in construetlon and efficient in use,

I being automatic in action and adapted for whereof a valve closure is secured. Formed in or extending through the cylinder wall are ports qr passages one or more of which is or are normally covered or closed by said piston, and another or othersis or are above said piston; a water conduit or conduits is or are fitted or arranged between the upper and lower ports, and a spring is employed to maintain said piston in its lower position in the cylinder unless and until subjected to the gaseous pressure generated on the explosion of a fuel charge when it is upwardly displaced, in which movement it first causes the water inlet valve to close, and then uncovers or exposes said lower cylinder port or ports, whereupon a small quantity of water is injected into the engine cylinder; said piston is connected in a yielding or resilient manner with said valve closure in order to permit its (the pistons) Specification of Letters Patent.

Ap'pliction filed 'Apri121, 1917. Serial No. 163,744;

purpose which shall be,

or INTERNAL-COMBUSTION Patented Apr. 9, 191's.

upward displacement in its cylinder to uncover or expose said lower port or ports after said closure has seated itself. v

.We will "further describe our invention with the aid of the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings which illustrate, by way of example only, ing same, the apparatus being shown in longitudinal section. I

one mode of embody In said drawings, a designates a water cylinder constructed of any suitablemetal, the lowerend I) whereof is reduced and screw-threaded in order that it may be screwed into a tapped passage socket provided for its reception in the engine cylinder. On the outside of said cylinder a there is preferably formed a hexagonal portion 0 so that theapparatus may be screwed to the enginecylinder by the aid ofa spanner.

l/Vithm said water cylinder a is disposed a piston or plunger (1 (which may be fitted with packing rings, if desired) provided with a rod in two parts e and e the upper portion e whereof is screw threaded and receives a valve closure f which is adjustably secured or positioned by the aid bf nuts'g h screwedon to said rod part 6 respectively above and below said closure 7. Disposed between said rod parts 0. e is a coiled spring 6 and screwed on to said rod part c is a tube or sleeve 6 which constitutes a guide for the rod part 6 and also maintains spring e in position. a

Screwed on to the upper end of said water cylinder a is a valve seating i on which'is formed a screw threaded flange 7' adapted to receive a union joint la whereby a pipe Z in communication with a suitable water supply receptacle is connected tosaid cylinder at. Said water supply receptacle may be connected with the water circulating system of the engine, or a tank especially provided for the purpose may be employed; and if desired, the water may be supplied to the apparatus under artificial pressure.

Extending through the wall'of said cylinder a are upper and lower ports or passages m m and it n respectively, the ports in vertical alinement being in communication by means of one orother of the pipes 0 these ports are so arranged that when the piston d is in its lowermost position within cylinder a the lower ports at n are covered piston d A thereby the lower end of in the positions illustrated in the or'cios Y. therebyand the upper ports m m are above said piston, and open at ali times to cyiinder a,

:An annular recess p is formed in said in which recess lies-being guided a helical spring g arranged around the inner wall of cylinder a and extending upwardly to the valve seating "J. Said spring g is designed to be of suf ficient strength to maintain said piston d quiescent against pressure acting on the urn derside or" said piston arising from the comthe engine to give or y pression of the fuel charge in cyllnder, butpermits said piston yield under the'superior pressure caused mea est sistance of the spring 6 thecylinder ports as a are uncovered, with the result that small charge or qu'antiy of water is forced or injected into the combustion chamber of the engine.

The parts then reassume their normal. positions under the influence of said springs g and a, valve t opening to. admit water from the supply tank for the replenishment of cylinder a and ports a n being covered again by the piston 05 in its downward movement. 4 I

Having now described our inventi in what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is An apparatus whereby a charge or a an explosion. Jquantity of water is injected into the cylin- Normally the parts of the apparatus are drawings, the valve ciosure f being clear of its seating 2', so thatthe cylinder and pipes o are full of water admitted through the open valve from the source of supply and piston 65 is covering the lowermost cylinder ports a W. This condition of the apparatus is maintained during the suction stroke of the englue, and also during the compression stroke for the before stated reason that spring 7 is designed to be suiiiciently strong or stifi to withstand the pressure of compression acting on iston cl without permitting upward displacement of said piston, but in the event of upward piston movement;

, taking place against the resistanceof the iring on compression this is provided for fixing the position of the cylinder ports n a at or about the middle of the piston when in its lowermost position as shown in the drawings, so that a certain amount of piston displacement may actually take place without danger of said lower ports beconnng uncovered. On each engine explosion taking place piston d is forced upwardly against the resistance of said-spring g and valve closes on to its seating z; pistons) continued upward (which is now against the small added reand in its (-the movement- I der of an internal" combustion engine, coinprising a cylindrical water receiver, the lower end whereof is secured to the cylin der and theupper end'whereof carries a valve seating and is connected to suitable source of avater supply; a piston disposed in said water cylinder; a two part piston rod connected to, said piston; a spring inter posed between the parts of said rod; a sleeve adapted to'form a guide for the upper part of said rod parts and also an inclosure for vsaid spring; a valve closure secured to the upper of said rod parts; sa'i engine cylinder having a wall thereo'f prpvided with a plurality of ports one of which is normally coveredby said'piston, and another where of is above the same; a water conduit fitted between said upper andlower ports of said cylinder, and a spring designed to maintain said piston in its lower position in-the pylinder until subjected to the gaseous prossure generated on the explosion of a fuel charge in the enginecylinder.

In testimony whereofwe affix our signer tures in the presenceof two witnesses WILLIAM SAMUEL. 7 WILLIAM AUBREY l Vitnesses. lll 1 t- Grionon (JULCLIFFE; EDWARD Mouser;

JONES til 

